autocrine signalings การใช้

Estrogen can be released by the ovary and function as a hormone or act locally via paracrine or autocrine signaling.
Endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine signaling have all been implicated in proliferation, one of the required steps of oncogenesis.
In performing these tasks, eicosanoids most often act as autocrine signaling agents to impact their cells of origin or as paracrine signaling agents to impact cells near to their cells of origin.
STING plays an important role in Type I interferon, mediated by STING, protects infected cells and nearby cells from local infection by binding to the same cell that secretes it ( autocrine signaling ) and nearby cells ( paracrine signaling .)
This is contingent upon TGF-? autocrine signaling in a positive feedback loop with p38 and ERK . This endothelial cell increase in production of VSMC growth inhibitors ( i . e . heparin ) is reversed in VSMCs, where mechanical stress induces proliferation.